DUBAI: Falafel, a delectable deep-fried ball or patty-shaped fritter, has its origins in Arab cuisine and is a beloved delicacy throughout the Middle East, particularly in Egypt and Levantine regions. Made from ground chickpeas, broad beans, or a combination of both, falafel is enjoyed in various forms, from being stuffed inside pita bread to being served as a standalone snack or part of a meze tray. Its delicious taste and versatility have made it a popular street food and a favorite among vegetarians worldwide.
Traditional Preparation and Variations of Falafel
The preparation of falafel varies slightly across different Middle Eastern countries. In Egyptian cuisine, fava beans are commonly used, while Palestinian cuisine often features chickpeas. In Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and the broader Middle East, both chickpeas and fava beans may be used. When chickpeas are the main ingredient, they are soaked overnight and then ground together with parsley, scallions, garlic, cumin, and coriander, adding delightful flavors to the mixture.
Shaping and Cooking Falafel
The falafel mixture is shaped into small balls or patties, either by hand or using an aleb falafel (falafel mould). Traditionally, falafel is deep-fried to achieve a crispy texture and irresistible taste. However, for a healthier alternative, some choose to bake the falafel in the oven. The result is a mouthwatering treat with a green or tan interior, depending on the ingredients used. Additionally, sesame seeds are sometimes sprinkled on top of the falafel before frying, adding a delightful crunch.
Falafel Sandwich
A Street Food Favorite: One of the most popular ways to enjoy falafel is in a pita bread sandwich. This sandwich was popularized by Jewish Yemeni immigrants in Israel during the 1950s, who introduced the idea of serving falafel in a pita with various condiments. The falafel is wrapped in a hollow pita bread or stuffed in a flatbread, along with garnishes like tomatoes, lettuce, cucumbers, and tahini sauce. The pita falafel sandwich has become an iconic street food, offering a delightful burst of flavors in each bite.
Nutrition and Health Benefits of Falafel
When made with chickpeas, falafel is a nutritious option high in protein, complex carbohydrates, and fiber. It also contains essential nutrients such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and vitamins C and B. Falafel’s soluble fiber content has been associated with lowering blood cholesterol levels. To reduce fat intake, some opt for baking falafel instead of deep-frying.
Cultural Appreciation and Controversy
Despite its popularity and widespread love, falafel has been a topic of cultural appropriation, particularly when it comes to its association with Israel. The Palestinian chickpea-only version has also been adopted into Israeli cuisine and proclaimed as the country’s national dish. This situation has led to debates and concerns raised by Palestinians, Lebanese, and other Arabs, who view it as cultural appropriation.
Middle Eastern falafel is a cherished street food enjoyed by people worldwide. With its flavorful ingredients, delightful textures, and versatility, it continues to win the hearts of food enthusiasts and remains a symbol of Middle Eastern cuisine. Whether served in a pita sandwich or enjoyed as a snack, falafel is a true culinary delight that transcends cultural boundaries.
